INSTALLING PORCELAIN TILES IN POOLS

This work collects recommendations to assist an engineer in performing the installation of porcelain tiles. Pools can have the most diverse shapes, whether in-ground or above ground. The structure should be based on a construction project that is prepared by a professional and should be installed according to ABNT norms.

Adopted nomenclature:
Tank: reservoir intended for performing aquatic sports.
Base: surface to receive the covering. Pool bases are formed of walls and floor.
Base correction layer: putty layer to regularize imperfections in the tank structure.
Waterproofing: system applied to the base to prevent entry of water.
Regularization layer: putty layer to protect the waterproofing system, which receives the porcelain tile covering.
Porcelain tile recovering: the combination of porcelain tile, adhesive putty, and finishing putty that are applied on the regularization layer.
Porcelain tile: class 1 ceramic covering, with a water absorption index of 0.0 to 0.5% (porcelain).
Adhesive putty: sticky putty with an adherence level greater than 0.5 MPA and time in open air of at least 20 minutes (type II putty, according to ABNT). This is used to fasten porcelain tiles on the regularization layer.
Finishing putty: serves to provide finishing on the existing joints between the tiles.

NOTE: waterproofing of a pool, whether covered in porcelain or glass or ceramic tiles, is done by applying the proper waterproofing system.

Recommendations for porcelain tiles.
The planning and execution of pools should follow the norms indicated by ABNT NBR no. 9818.

1 - Waterproof base
2 - Regularization layer and physical protection
3 - Placement of porcelain tiles
4 - Remove paper and glue
5 - Retouch placement